A short cervix can be uncomfortable for pregnant women and dangerous for their unborn children. Although this condition is often impossible to prevent, there are treatments that can be developed to prevent the complications of a short cervix. One of these is cervical cerclage.

What is a Short Cervix?

A short cervix (also called an incompetent cervix or cervical insufficiency) results from weak cervical tissues. Before pregnancy, the cervix (the lower part of the uterus that opens to the vagina) is closed. As your pregnancy progresses, the cervix softens, decreases in length, and begins to dilate or open. A shortened cervix often leads to preterm labor or preterm birth because the weakened tissue opens too soon during a woman’s pregnancy.

Symptoms of a Short Cervix

A short cervix can be difficult to recognize but these are some symptoms you should be aware of, especially if you have a history of cervical insufficiency. These symptoms generally begin to develop between 14-20 weeks of gestation.

  • Pelvic pressure or pain
  • Backaches
  • Mild cramps
  • Change in vaginal discharge
  • Light spotting (vaginal bleeding)

What is at Risk for a Short Cervix?

A short cervix is often caused by factors outside of your control. Congenital uterine abnormalities or genetic disorders that affect your body’s fibrous connective tissues could put you at risk for developing cervical insufficiency. If the cervix is injured during a surgical procedure to fix a cervical abnormality, this can also lead to a short cervix. Taking synthetic forms of estrogen such as diethylstilbestrol (DES) has also been linked to a short cervix. Previous labor and delivery that results in a cervical tear is rarely a cause for cervical insufficiency.

Treatment for a Short Cervix

Prenatal Visits

Although you cannot prevent a short cervix, you can prevent the possible complications of this condition with proper treatment. During your pregnancy, visit your doctor for regular prenatal visits so that they can monitor any changes, even the smallest ones. Make sure to tell them about any new symptoms you’ve been having that concern you. They can check for cervical length, perform a transvaginal ultrasound, and evaluate your risk factors to prevent premature labor or birth.

Cervical Cerclage

Cervical cerclage is a procedure that temporarily sews the cervix closed to hold the pregnancy in the uterus and prevent a premature birth. This is often done during the second trimester and the sutures are left in place until the delivery of the baby.

Schedule a Consultation

Our doctors at MFM specialize in cervical cerclage and work with care and diligence to ensure a healthy pregnancy. If you believe you are at risk of a short cervix, schedule a consultation with our specialists and we will be happy to address any concerns you might have.