Exercise During Pregnancy in NYC One of the most frequent discussions I have with pregnant patients revolves around their level of physical activity during pregnancy. Usually the woman is used to an active lifestyle involving regular exercise and she is inquiring whether she can continue exercising during pregnancy. Frequently, however, most of the conversation is
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Zika Virus Update – July 11, 2016
Recently, there has been a significant amount of press (and fear) regarding the effects of the Zika virus on pregnant women and the risk of birth defects, most notably microcephaly. Since our understanding of the biology and effects of Zika virus are evolving, there are many questions that remain unanswered. If a women travels to
What is NAIT and how is it treated?
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) refers to a disorder in which fetal platelets contain an antigen, inherited from the father, which the mother does not have. This leads to the mother producing antibodies against the fetal platelet antigen, causing fetal thrombocytopenia (low platelets), which can then lead to bleeding in the fetus or newborn. This is
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
What is unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney? A unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney is generally caused by abnormal development of the early metanephric tissue, where it does not develop into nephrons, but into dysplastic cystic tissue instead. When it is unilateral, it is usually isolated and not associated with genetic syndromes. However, approximately 5% of cases have other
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) in Third Trimester
When intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is suspected during the third trimester, the majority of IUGR fetuses will either be constitutionally small, or have growth restriction due to placental insufficiency. Other less common causes are aneuploidy, other genetic disorders, fetal malformations, and fetal infection. However, in most cases, the typical question is whether the fetus is
The Effects of Fetal Growth Restriction
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a complex condition. Growth abnormalities that result from intrinsic fetal factors, including aneuploidy, congenital malformations, and fetal infection have a poor prognosis that is often not improved by any treatment or intervention. FGR that results from inadequate substrates for fetal nutrition, metabolism, and decreased oxygen availability





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